What happened in History on this date

[Hippie Bowman]

Good morning all!  It is the 23 of September.  Here is today in history!

 

 

• 1122 – Pope Calixtus II and Holy Roman Emperor Henry V agree to the Concordat of Worms to put an end to the Investiture Controversy.
• 1338 – The Battle of Arnemuiden was the first naval battle of the Hundred Years' War and the first naval battle using artillery, as the English ship Christofer had three cannon and one hand gun.
• 1409 – Battle of Kherlen, the second significant victory over Ming China by the Mongols since 1368.
• 1459 – Battle of Blore Heath, the first major battle of the English Wars of the Roses, is fought at Blore Heath in Staffordshire.
• 1568 – Spanish naval forces rout an English fleet, under the command of John Hawkins, at the Battle of San Juan de Ulúa near Veracruz.
• 1641 – The Merchant Royal, carrying a treasure worth over a billion US dollars, is lost at sea off Land's End.
• 1642 – First commencement exercises occur at Harvard College.
• 1779 – American Revolution: John Paul Jones on board the USS Bonhomme Richard wins the Battle of Flamborough Head.
• 1780 – American Revolution: British Major John André is arrested as a spy by American soldiers exposing Benedict Arnold's change of sides.
• 1803 – Second Anglo-Maratha War: Battle of Assaye between the British East India Company and the Maratha Empire in India.
• 1806 – Lewis and Clark return to St. Louis after exploring the Pacific Northwest of the United States.
• 1821 – Tripolitsa, Greece, falls and 30,000 Turks are massacred during the Greek War of Independence.
• 1845 – The Knickerbockers Baseball Club, the first baseball team to play under the modern rules, is founded in New York.
• 1846 – Astronomers Urbain Jean Joseph Le Verrier, John Couch Adams and Johann Gottfried Galle collaborate on the discovery of Neptune.
• 1868 – Grito de Lares ("Lares Revolt") occurs in Puerto Rico against Spanish rule.
• 1889 – Nintendo Koppai (Later Nintendo Company, Limited) is founded by Fusajiro Yamauchi to produce and market the playing card game Hanafuda.
• 1899 – American Asiatic Squadron destroyed single Filipino battery at the Battle of Olongapo.
• 1905 – Norway and Sweden sign the "Karlstad treaty", peacefully dissolving the Union between the two countries.
• 1908 – University of Alberta in Alberta, Canada, is founded.
• 1909 – The Phantom of the Opera (original title: Le Fantôme de l'Opéra), a novel by French writer Gaston Leroux, is first published as a serialization in Le Gaulois.
• 1932 – The Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd is renamed the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
• 1936 – First ascent of Siniolchu by a German team.
• 1938 – Mobilization of the Czechoslovak army in response to the Munich Crisis.
• 1941 – World War II: The first gas chamber experiments are conducted at Auschwitz.
• 1942 – World War II: The Matanikau action on Guadalcanal begins U.S. Marines attack Japanese unites along the Matanikau River.
• 1943 – World War II: The Nazi puppet state the Italian Social Republic is founded.
• 1952 – Richard Nixon makes his "Checkers speech".
• 1959 – Iowa farmer and corn breeder Roswell Garst hosts Soviet premier Nikita Khrushchev.
• 1959 – The MS Princess of Tasmania, Australia’s first passenger roll-on/roll-off diesel ferry, makes her maiden voyage across Bass Strait.
• 1962 – The Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts opens in New York City.
• 1969 – The Chicago Eight trial opens in Chicago.
• 1972 – Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos announces over television and radio the implementation of martial law.
• 1973 – Juan Perón returns to power in Argentina.
• 1983 – Saint Kitts and Nevis joins the United Nations.
• 1983 – Gerrie Coetzee of South Africa becomes the first African boxing world heavyweight champion.
• 1983 – Gulf Air Flight 771 is bombed, killing all 117 people on board.
• 1986 – Jim Deshaies of the Houston Astros sets the major-league record by striking out the first eight batters of the game against the Los Angeles Dodgers.
• 1988 – José Canseco of the Oakland Athletics becomes the first member of the 40-40 club.
• 1992 – A large Provisional Irish Republican Army bomb destroys forensic laboratories in Belfast.
• 1999 – Celebrate Bisexuality Day was first observed in the United States.
• 1999 – NASA announces that it has lost contact with the Mars Climate Orbiter.
• 2002 – The first public version of the web browser Mozilla Firefox ("Phoenix 0.1") is released.
• 2004 – Hurricane Jeanne: At least 1,070 in Haiti are reported to have been killed by floods.
• 2008 – Kauhajoki school shooting: Matti Saari kills 10 people before committing suicide.

 

 

 

 

 

Peace!

[Hippie Bowman]

Good morning all! It is September the 24th.  Here is today in history.

 

 

 

• 622 – Prophet Muhammad completes his hijra from Mecca to Medina.
• 1180 – Manuel I Komnenos, last Emperor of the Komnenian restoration dies. The Byzantine Empire slips into terminal decline.
• 1645 – Battle of Rowton Heath, Parliamentarian victory over a Royalist army commanded in person by King Charles
• 1664 – The Dutch Republic surrenders New Amsterdam to England.
• 1674 – Second Tantrik Coronation of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj.
• 1780 – Benedict Arnold flees to British Army lines when the arrest of British Major John André exposes Arnold's plot to surrender West Point.
• 1789 – The United States Congress passes the Judiciary Act which creates the office of the United States Attorney General and the federal judiciary system, and orders the composition of the Supreme Court of the United States.
• 1841 – The Sultan of Brunei cedes Sarawak to the United Kingdom.
• 1852 – The first airship powered by (a steam) engine, created by Henri Giffard, travels 17 miles (27 km) from Paris to Trappes.
• 1853 – Admiral Despointes formally takes possession of New Caledonia in the name of France.
• 1869 – "Black Friday": Gold prices plummet after Ulysses S. Grant orders the Treasury to sell large quantities of gold after Jay Gould and James Fisk plot to control the market.
• 1877 – Battle of Shiroyama, decisive victory of the Imperial Japanese Army over the Satsuma Rebellion
• 1890 – The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints officially renounces polygamy.
• 1906 – U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt proclaims Devils Tower in Wyoming as the nation's first National Monument.
• 1914 – World War I: The Siege of Przemyśl (present-day Poland) begins.
• 1932 – Gandhi and Dr. B. R. Ambedkar agree to the Poona Pact, which reserved seats in the Indian provincial legislatures for the "Depressed Classes" (Untouchables).
• 1935 – Earl Bascom and Weldon Bascom produce the first rodeo ever held outdoors under electric lights at Columbia, Mississippi
• 1937 – Second Sino-Japanese War: The Chinese Eighth Route Army gains a minor, but morale-boosting victory in the Battle of Pingxingguan.
• 1946 – Cathay Pacific Airways is founded in Hong Kong.
• 1946 – Clark Clifford and George Elsey, military advisers to U.S. President Harry S. Truman, present him with a top-secret report on the Soviet Union that first recommends the containment policy.
• 1948 – The Honda Motor Company is founded.
• 1950 – Forest fires black out the sun over portions of Canada and New England. A blue moon is seen as far away as Europe.
• 1957 – Camp Nou, the largest stadium in Europe, is opened in Barcelona.
• 1957 – President Dwight D. Eisenhower sends 101st Airborne Division troops to Little Rock, Arkansas, to enforce desegregation.
• 1960 – USS Enterprise (CVN-65), the world's first nuclear-powered aircraft carrier, is launched.
• 1962 – United States court of appeals orders the University of Mississippi to admit James Meredith.
• 1968 – 60 Minutes debuts on CBS.
• 1968 – Swaziland joins the United Nations.
• 1973 – Guinea-Bissau declares its independence from Portugal.
• 1979 – Compu-Serve launches the first consumer internet service, which features the first public electronic mail service.
• 1990 – Periodic Great White Spot is observed on Saturn.
• 1996 – Representatives of 71 nations sign the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty at the United Nations.
• 2005 – Hurricane Rita makes landfall in the United States, devastating Beaumont, Texas and portions of southwestern Louisiana.
• 2007 – Between 30,000 and 100,000 people take part in anti-government protests in Yangon, Burma, the largest in 20 years.
• 2009 – The G20 summit begins in Pittsburgh with 30 global leaders in attendance. It marks the first use of LRAD in U.S. history.

 

 

 

 

 

Peace!

[Madelaine McMasters]

9-24-1906    To celebrate the United States' infatuation with all things demonic, U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt proclaims Devils Tower in Wyoming as the nation's first National Monument. It would take another 50 years for the Devil to lose her grip on America when, in 1956, "In God We Trust" becomes the Nation's motto.

9-25-2013    The Republic of Sudan accidently surrenders to Canadian Shriners after mistaking their trademark parade through the streets of Khartoum for an "attack by giants!". The confusion is exacerbated by the "KHARTUM" sign on the Shriner's support trailer, which led residents to believe their city would be placed inside it.

[Hippie Bowman]

Good morning all!  It is September the 25th.  Here is today in history.

 

• 275 – In Rome, (after the assassination of Aurelian), the Senate proclaims Marcus Claudius Tacitus Emperor.
• 303 – On a voyage preaching the gospel, Saint Fermin of Pamplona is beheaded in Amiens, France.
• 1066 – The Battle of Stamford Bridge marks the end of the Viking invasions of England.
• 1396 – Ottoman Emperor Bayezid I defeats a Christian army at the Battle of Nicopolis.
• 1513 – Spanish explorer Vasco Núñez de Balboa reaches what would become known as the Pacific Ocean.
• 1555 – The Peace of Augsburg is signed in Augsburg by Charles V and the princes of the Schmalkaldic League.
• 1690 – Publick Occurrences Both Foreign and Domestick, the first newspaper to appear in the Americas, is published for the first and only time.
• 1775 – American Revolutionary War: Ethan Allen surrenders to British forces after attempting to capture Montreal during the Battle of Longue-Pointe. Benedict Arnold and his expeditionary company set off from Fort Western, bound for Quebec City.
• 1789 – The U.S. Congress passes twelve amendments to the United States Constitution: the Congressional Apportionment Amendment (which was never ratified), the Congressional Compensation Amendment, and the ten that are known as the Bill of Rights.
• 1804 – The Teton Sioux (a subdivision of the Lakota) demand one of the boats from the Lewis and Clark Expedition as a toll for moving further upriver.
• 1846 – U.S. forces led by Zachary Taylor capture the Mexican city of Monterrey.
• 1868 – The Imperial Russian steam frigate Alexander Neuski is shipwrecked off Jutland while carrying Grand Duke Alexei of Russia.
• 1890 – The U.S. Congress establishes Sequoia National Park.
• 1906 – In the presence of the king and before a great crowd, Leonardo Torres Quevedo successfully demonstrates the invention of the Telekino in the port of Bilbao, guiding a boat from the shore, in what is considered the birth of the remote control.
• 1911 – Ground is broken for Fenway Park in Boston, Massachusetts.
• 1911 – An explosion of badly degraded propellant charges on board the French battleship Liberté detonates the forward ammunition magazines and destroys the ship.
• 1912 – Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism is founded in New York, New York.
• 1915 – World War I: The Second Battle of Champagne begins.
• 1926 – The international Convention to Suppress the Slave Trade and Slavery is first signed.
• 1929 – Jimmy Doolittle performs the first blind flight from Mitchel Field proving that full instrument flying from take off to landing is possible.
• 1937 – Second Sino-Japanese War: The Chinese Eighth Route Army gains a minor, but morale-boosting victory in the Battle of Pingxingguan.
• 1942 – World War II: Swiss Police Instruction of September 25, 1942 – this instruction denied entry into Switzerland to Jewish refugees.
• 1944 – World War II: Surviving elements of the British 1st Airborne Division withdraw from Arnhem in the Netherlands, thus ending the Battle of Arnhem and Operation Market Garden.
• 1955 – The Royal Jordanian Air Force is founded.
• 1956 – TAT-1, the first submarine transatlantic telephone cable system, is inaugurated.
• 1957 – Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas, is integrated by the use of United States Army troops.
• 1959 – Solomon Bandaranaike, Prime Minister of Sri Lanka is mortally wounded by a Buddhist monk, Talduwe Somarama, and dies the next day.
• 1962 – The People's Democratic Republic of Algeria is formally proclaimed. Ferhat Abbas is elected President of the provisional government.
• 1962 – The North Yemen Civil War begins when Abdullah as-Sallal dethrones the newly crowned Imam al-Badr and declares Yemen a republic under his presidency.
• 1963 – Lord Denning releases the UK government's official report on the Profumo Affair.
• 1969 – The charter establishing the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation is signed.
• 1970 – Cease-fire between Jordan and the Fedayeen ends fighting triggered by four hijackings on September 6 and 9.
• 1972 – In a referendum, the people of Norway reject membership of the European Community.
• 1977 – About 4,200 people take part in the first running of the Chicago Marathon.
• 1978 – PSA Flight 182, a Boeing 727-214, collides in mid-air with a Cessna 172 and crashes in San Diego, California, resulting in the deaths of 144 people.
• 1981 – Belize joins the United Nations.
• 1983 – Maze Prison escape: 38 republican prisoners, armed with 6 handguns, hijack a prison meals lorry and smash their way out of the Maze prison. It is the largest prison escape since WWII and in British history.
• 1992 – NASA launches the Mars Observer, a $511 million probe to Mars, in the first U.S. mission to the planet in 17 years. Eleven months later, the probe would fail.
• 1996 – The last of the Magdalene Asylums closes in Ireland.
• 2002 – The Vitim event, a possible bolide impact in Siberia, Russia.
• 2003 – A magnitude-8.0 earthquake strikes just offshore Hokkaidō, Japan.
• 2008 – China launches the spacecraft Shenzhou 7.
• 2009 – U.S. President Barack Obama, British Prime Minister Gordon Brown and French President Nicolas Sarkozy, in a joint TV appearance for a G-20 summit, accused Iran of building a secret nuclear enrichment facility.
• 2010 – Mahmoud Abbas speaks at United Nations General Assembly to request that Israel end its policy of building settlements in the West Bank.

 

 

 

 

 

Peace!

[Hippie Bowman]

Good morning all!  It is September 26th!  Here is today in history.

 

• 46 BC – Julius Caesar dedicates a temple to his mythical ancestor Venus Genetrix in accordance with a vow he made at the battle of Pharsalus.
• 715 – Ragenfrid defeats Theudoald at the Battle of Compiègne.
• 1212 – Golden Bull of Sicily is issued to confirm the hereditary royal title in Bohemia for the Přemyslid dynasty.
• 1345 – Friso-Hollandic Wars: Frisians defeat Holland in the Battle of Warns.
• 1371 – Serbian–Turkish wars: The forces of the Ottoman sultan Murad I's lieutenant Lala Şâhin Paşa and the Serbian army under the command of Vukašin Mrnjavčević and Jovan Uglješa clash at the Battle of Maritsa.
• 1580 – Sir Francis Drake finishes his circumnavigation of the Earth.
• 1687 – The Parthenon in Athens is partially destroyed by an explosion caused by the bombing from Venetian forces led by Morosini who are besieging the Ottoman Turks stationed in Athens.
• 1687 – The city council of Amsterdam votes to support William of Orange's invasion of England, which became the Glorious Revolution.
• 1777 – British troops occupy Philadelphia, Pennsylvania during the American Revolution.
• 1786 – Protestors shut down the court in Springfield, Massachusetts in a military standoff that begins Shays' Rebellion.
• 1789 – Thomas Jefferson is appointed the first United States Secretary of State, John Jay is appointed the first Chief Justice of the United States, Samuel Osgood is appointed the first United States Postmaster General, and Edmund Randolph is appointed the first United States Attorney General.
• 1792 – Marc-David Lasource begins accusing Maximilien Robespierre of wanting a dictatorship for France.
• 1810 – A new Act of Succession is adopted by the Riksdag of the Estates and Jean Baptiste Bernadotte becomes heir to the Swedish throne.
• 1872 – The first Shriners Temple (called Mecca) is established in New York City.
• 1907 – New Zealand and Newfoundland each become dominions within the British Empire.
• 1908 – Ed Reulbach becomes the first and only pitcher to throw two shutouts in one day against the Brooklyn Dodgers.
• 1910 – Indian journalist Swadeshabhimani Ramakrishna Pillai is arrested after publishing criticism of the government of Travancore and exiled.
• 1914 – The United States Federal Trade Commission (FTC) is established by the Federal Trade Commission Act.
• 1917 – World War I: The Battle of Polygon Wood begins.
• 1918 – World War I: The Meuse-Argonne Offensive, the bloodiest single battle in American history, begins.
• 1923 – Gustav Stresemann resumes the Weimar Republic's payment of reparations.
• 1933 – As gangster Machine Gun Kelly surrenders to the FBI, he shouts out, "Don’t shoot, G-Men!", which becomes a nickname for FBI agents.
• 1934 – Steamship RMS Queen Mary is launched.
• 1942 – The Holocaust: August Frank, a higher official of the SS concentration camp administration department, issues a memorandum containing a great deal of operational detail in how Jews should be "evacuated".
• 1944 – World War II: Operation Market Garden fails.
• 1944 – World War II: On the central front of the Gothic Line Brazilian troops control the Serchio valley region after ten days of fighting.
• 1950 – United Nations troops recapture Seoul from North Korean forces.
• 1950 – Indonesia is admitted to the United Nations.
• 1954 – Japanese rail ferry Toya Maru sinks during a typhoon in the Tsugaru Strait, Japan killing 1,172.
• 1959 – Typhoon Vera, the strongest typhoon to hit Japan in recorded history, makes landfall, killing 4,580 people and leaving nearly 1.6 million others homeless.
• 1960 – In Chicago, the first televised debate takes place between presidential candidates Richard M. Nixon and John F. Kennedy.
• 1960 – Fidel Castro announces Cuba's support for the U.S.S.R.
• 1970 – The Laguna Fire starts in San Diego County, California, burning 175,425 acres (709.92 km2).
• 1971 – The Freetown Christiania was founded.
• 1973 – Concorde makes its first non-stop crossing of the Atlantic in record-breaking time.
• 1981 – Baseball: Nolan Ryan sets a Major League record by throwing his fifth no-hitter.
• 1983 – Soviet military officer Stanislav Petrov averts a likely worldwide nuclear war by correctly identifying a report of an incoming nuclear missile as a computer error and not an American first strike.
• 1984 – The United Kingdom agrees to the handover of Hong Kong
• 1997 – A Garuda Indonesia Airbus A-300 crashes near Medan, Indonesia, airport, killing 234.
• 1997 – An earthquake strikes the Italian regions of Umbria and the Marche, causing part of the Basilica of St. Francis at Assisi to collapse.
• 2000 – Anti-globalization protests in Prague (some 20,000 protesters) turn violent during the IMF and World Bank summits.
• 2000 – The MS Express Samina sinks off Paros in the Agean sea killing 80 passengers.
• 2002 – The overcrowded Senegalese ferry MV Le Joola capsizes off the coast of The Gambia killing more than 1,000.
• 2008 – Swiss pilot and inventor Yves Rossy becomes first person to fly a jet engine-powered wing across the English Channel.
• 2009 – Typhoon Ketsana hit the Philippines, China, Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos and Thailand, causing 700 fatalities.

 

 

 

 

 

Peace!

[Hippie Bowman]

Good morning all!  It is September the 27th.  Here is today in history.

 

 

 

• 1066 – William the Conqueror and his army set sail from the mouth of the Somme River, beginning the Norman Conquest of England.
• 1331 – The Battle of Płowce between the Kingdom of Poland and the Teutonic Order is fought.
• 1422 – after the brief Gollub War the Teutonic Knights sign the Treaty of Melno with the Kingdom of Poland and Grand Duchy of Lithuania
• 1529 – The Siege of Vienna begins when Suleiman I attacks the city.
• 1540 – The Society of Jesus (the Jesuits) receives its charter from Pope Paul III.
• 1590 – Pope Urban VII dies 13 days after being chosen as the Pope, making his reign the shortest papacy in history.
• 1605 – The armies of Sweden are defeated by the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in the Battle of Kircholm.
• 1669 – The Venetians surrender the fortress of Candia to the Ottomans, thus ending the 21-year long Siege of Candia.
• 1777 – Lancaster, Pennsylvania is the capital of the United States, for one day.
• 1821 – Mexico gains its independence from Spain.
• 1822 – Jean-François Champollion announces that he has deciphered the Rosetta stone.
• 1825 – The Stockton and Darlington Railway opens, and begins operation of the world's first service of locomotive-hauled passenger trains.
• 1854 – The steamship SS Arctic sinks with 300 people on board. This marks the first great disaster in the Atlantic Ocean.
• 1903 – Wreck of the Old 97, a train crash made famous by the song of the same name.
• 1905 – The physics journal Annalen der Physik received Albert Einstein's paper "Does the Inertia of a Body Depend Upon Its Energy Content?", introducing the equation E=mc².
• 1908 – The first production of the Ford Model T automobile was built at the Piquette Plant in Detroit, Michigan.
• 1916 – Iyasu is proclaimed deposed as ruler of Ethiopia in a palace coup in favor of his aunt Zauditu.
• 1922 – King Constantine I of Greece abdicates his throne in favor of his eldest son, King George II.
• 1928 – The Republic of China is recognised by the United States.
• 1930 – Bobby Jones wins the U.S. Amateur Championship to complete the Grand Slam of golf. The old structure of the grand slam was the U.S. Open, British Open, U.S. Amateur, and British Amateur.
• 1937 – Balinese Tiger declared extinct.
• 1938 – Ocean liner Queen Elizabeth launched in Glasgow.
• 1940 – World War II: The Tripartite Pact is signed in Berlin by Germany, Japan and Italy.
• 1941 – The SS Patrick Henry is launched becoming the first of more than 2,700 Liberty ships.
• 1942 – Last day of the September Matanikau action on Guadalcanal as United States Marine Corps troops barely escape after being surrounded by Japanese forces near the Matanikau River.
• 1944 – The Kassel Mission results in the largest loss by a USAAF group on any mission in World War II.
• 1949 – The first Plenary Session of the National People's Congress approves the design of the Flag of the People's Republic of China.
• 1954 – The nationwide debut of Tonight Starring Steve Allen (The Tonight Show) hosted by Steve Allen on NBC.
• 1956 – USAF Captain Milburn G. Apt becomes the first man to exceed Mach 3 while flying the Bell X-2. Shortly thereafter, the craft goes out of control and Captain Apt is killed.
• 1959 – Nearly 5000 people die on the main Japanese island of Honshū as the result of a typhoon.
• 1961 – Sierra Leone joins the United Nations.
• 1962 – The Yemen Arab Republic is established.
• 1964 – The British TSR-2 aircraft XR219 makes its maiden flight from Boscombe Down in Wiltshire.
• 1968 – The stage musical Hair opens at the Shaftesbury Theatre in London, where it played 1,998 performances until its closure was forced by the roof collapsing in July 1973.
• 1979 – The United States Department of Education receives final approval from the U.S. Congress to become the 13th US Cabinet agency.
• 1983 – Richard Stallman announces the GNU project to develop a free Unix-like operating system.
• 1988 – National League for Democracy is formed by Aung San Suu Kyi and various others to help fight against dictatorship in Myanmar.
• 1993 – The Sukhumi massacre takes place in Abkhazia.
• 1995 – The Government of the United States unveils the first of its redesigned bank notes with the $100 bill featuring a larger portrait of Benjamin Franklin slightly off-center.
• 1996 – In Afghanistan, the Taliban capture the capital city Kabul after driving out President Burhanuddin Rabbani and executing former leader Mohammad Najibullah.
• 1996 – The Julie N. tanker ship crashes into the Million Dollar Bridge in Portland, Maine spilling thousands of gallons of oil.
• 1997 – Communications are suddenly lost with the Mars Pathfinder space probe.
• 1998 – The Google internet search engine retrospectively claims this as its birthday.
• 2001 – Zug massacre: In Zug, Switzerland, Friedrich Leibacher shoots 18 citizens, killing 14 and then kills himself.
• 2002 – Timor-Leste (East Timor) joins the United Nations.
• 2003 – Smart 1 satellite is launched.
• 2007 – NASA launches the Dawn probe.
• 2008 – CNSA astronaut Zhai Zhigang becomes the first Chinese person to perform a spacewalk while flying on Shenzhou 7.

 

 

 

 

 

Peace!

[Hippie Bowman]

Good morning!  It is September the 28th.  Here is today in history!

 

• 48 BC – Pompey the Great is assassinated on the orders of King Ptolemy of Egypt after landing in Egypt.
• 235 – Pope Pontian resigns. He and Hippolytus, church leader of Rome, are exiled to the mines of Sardinia.
• 351 – Battle of Mursa Major: the Roman Emperor Constantius II defeats the usurper Magnentius.
• 365 – Roman usurper Procopius bribes two legions passing by Constantinople, and proclaims himself Roman emperor.
• 935 – Saint Wenceslas is murdered by his brother, Boleslaus I of Bohemia.
• 995 – Members of Slavník's dynasty – Spytimír, Pobraslav, Pořej and Čáslav are murdered by Boleslaus's son, Boleslaus II the Pious.
• 1066 – William the **bleep** (as he was known at the time) invades England beginning the Norman Conquest.
• 1106 – The Battle of Tinchebrai – Henry I of England defeats his brother, Robert Curthose.
• 1238 – Muslim Valencia surrenders to the besieging King James I of Aragon the Conqueror.
• 1322 – Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor defeats Frederick I of Austria in the Battle of Mühldorf.
• 1448 – Christian I is crowned king of Denmark.
• 1538 – Ottoman–Venetian War: The Ottoman Navy scores a decisive victory over a Holy League fleet in the Battle of Preveza.
• 1542 – Navigator Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo of Portugal arrives at what is now San Diego, California, United States.
• 1779 – American Revolution: Samuel Huntington is elected President of the Continental Congress, succeeding John Jay.
• 1781 – American forces backed by a French fleet begin the siege of Yorktown, Virginia, during the American Revolutionary War.
• 1787 – The newly completed United States Constitution is voted on by the U.S. Congress to be sent to the state legislatures for approval.
• 1791 – France becomes the first European country to emancipate its Jewish population.
• 1844 – Oscar I of Sweden-Norway is crowned king of Sweden.
• 1867 – Toronto becomes the capital of Ontario.
• 1867 – The United States takes control of Midway Island.
• 1868 – Battle of Alcolea causes Queen Isabella II of Spain to flee to France.
• 1889 – The first General Conference on Weights and Measures (CGPM) defines the length of a meter as the distance between two lines on a standard bar of an alloy of platinum with ten percent iridium, measured at the melting point of ice.
• 1871 – Brazilian Parliament passes the Law of the Free Womb, granting freedom to all new children born to slaves, the first major step in the eradication of slavery in Brazil.
• 1901 – Philippine-American War: Filipino guerrillas kill more than forty American soldiers in a surprise attack in the town of Balangiga on Samar Island.
• 1912 – The Ulster Covenant is signed by half a million Ultonians in opposition to the Third Irish Home Rule Bill.
• 1918 – World War I: The Fifth Battle of Ypres begins.
• 1919 – Race riots begin in Omaha, Nebraska, US.
• 1928 – The U.K. Parliament passes the Dangerous Drugs Act outlawing cannabis.
• 1928 – Sir Alexander Fleming notices a bacteria-killing mold growing in his laboratory, discovering what later became known as penicillin.
• 1939 – Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union agree on a division of Poland after their invasion during World War II.
• 1939 – Warsaw surrenders to Nazi Germany during World War II.
• 1944 – Soviet Army troops liberate Klooga concentration camp in Klooga, Estonia.
• 1950 – Indonesia joins the United Nations.
• 1951 – CBS makes the first color televisions available for sale to the general public, but the product is discontinued less than a month later.
• 1958 – France ratifies a new Constitution of France; the French Fifth Republic is then formed upon the formal adoption of the new constitution on October 4. Guinea rejects the new constitution, voting for independence instead.
• 1960 – Mali and Senegal join the United Nations.
• 1961 – A military coup in Damascus effectively ends the United Arab Republic, the union between Egypt and Syria.
• 1962 – The Paddington tram depot fire destroys 65 trams in Brisbane, Australia.
• 1971 – The Parliament of the United Kingdom passes the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 banning the medicinal use of cannabis.
• 1973 – The ITT Building in New York City is bombed in protest at ITT's alleged involvement in the September 11, 1973 coup d'état in Chile.
• 1975 – The Spaghetti House siege, in which nine people are taken hostage, takes place in London.
• 1994 – The car ferry MS Estonia sinks in Baltic Sea, killing 852 people.
• 1995 – Bob Denard and a group of mercenaries take the islands of Comoros in a coup.
• 1995 – Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin and PLO Chairman Yasser Arafat sign the Interim Agreement on the West Bank and the Gaza Strip.
• 1996 – Former president of Afghanistan Mohammad Najibullah is tortured and brutally murdered by the Taliban.
• 2000 – Al-Aqsa Intifada: Ariel Sharon visits Al Aqsa Mosque known to Jews as the Temple Mount in Jerusalem.
• 2008 – SpaceX launches the first private spacecraft, the Falcon 1 into orbit.
• 2009 – The military junta leading Guinea, headed by Captain Moussa Dadis Camara, raped, killed, and wounded protesters during a protest rally in a stadium called Stade du 28 Septembre.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Peace!

[Hippie Bowman]

Good morning all!  It is September the 29th.  Here is today in history.

 

 

• 522 BC – Darius I of Persia kills the Magian usurper Gaumâta, securing his hold as king of the Persian Empire.
• 480 BC – Battle of Salamis: The Greek fleet under Themistocles defeats the Persian fleet under Xerxes I.
• 61 BC – Pompey the Great celebrates his third triumph for victories over the pirates and the end of the Mithridatic Wars on his 45th birthday.
• 1227 – Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, is excommunicated by Pope Gregory IX for his failure to participate in the Crusades.
• 1364 – Battle of Auray: English forces defeat the French in Brittany; end of the Breton War of Succession.
• 1567 – At a dinner, the Duke of Alba arrests the Count of Egmont and the Count of Hoorn for treason.
• 1650 – Henry Robinson opens his Office of Addresses and Encounters in Threadneedle Street, London.
• 1717 – An earthquake strikes Antigua Guatemala, destroying much of the city's architecture and making authorities consider moving the capital to a different city.
• 1789 – The United States Department of War first establishes a regular army with a strength of several hundred men.
• 1789 – The 1st United States Congress adjourns.
• 1829 – The Metropolitan Police of London, later also known as the Met, is founded.
• 1848 – Battle of Pákozd: stalemate between Hungarian and Croatian forces at Pákozd; the first battle of the Hungarian Revolution of 1848.
• 1850 – The Roman Catholic hierarchy is re-established in England and Wales by Pope Pius IX.
• 1864 – American Civil War: The Battle of Chaffin's Farm is fought.
• 1885 – The first practical public electric tramway in the world is opened in Blackpool, England.
• 1907 – The cornerstone is laid at Washington National Cathedral in the U.S. capital.
• 1911 – Italy declares war on the Ottoman Empire.
• 1918 – World War I, Battle of St. Quentin Canal: The Hindenburg Line is broken by Allied forces. Bulgaria signs an armistice.
• 1923 – The British Mandate for Palestine takes effect, creating Mandatory Palestine.
• 1932 – Chaco War: Last day of the Battle of Boquerón between Paraguay and Bolivia.
• 1938 – Munich Agreement: Germany was given permission from France, Italy, and Great Britain to seize the territory of Sudetenland, Czechoslovakia. The meeting occurred in Munich, and leaders from neither the Soviet Union nor Czechoslovakia attended.
• 1941 – World War II: Holocaust in Kiev, Soviet Union: German Einsatzgruppe C begins the Babyn Yar massacre, according to the Einsatzgruppen operational situation report.
• 1949 – The Communist Party of China writes the Common Programme for the future People's Republic of China.
• 1951 – The first live sporting event seen coast-to-coast in the United States, a college football game between Duke and the University of Pittsburgh, is televised on NBC.
• 1954 – The convention establishing CERN (the European Organization for Nuclear Research) is signed.
• 1957 – 20 MCi (740 petabecquerels) of radioactive material is released in an explosion at the Soviet Mayak nuclear plant at Chelyabinsk.
• 1960 – Nikita Khrushchev, leader of Soviet Union, disrupts a meeting of the United Nations General Assembly with a number of angry outbursts.
• 1962 – Alouette 1, the first Canadian satellite, is launched.
• 1963 – The second period of the Second Vatican Council opens.
• 1964 – The Argentine comic strip Mafalda is published for the first time.
• 1966 – The Chevrolet Camaro, originally named Panther, is introduced.
• 1971 – Oman joins the Arab League.
• 1972 – Sino-Japanese relations: Japan establishes diplomatic relations with the People's Republic of China after breaking official ties with the Republic of China.
• 1975 – WGPR in Detroit, Michigan, becomes the world's first black-owned-and-operated television station.
• 1979 – Pope John Paul II becomes the first pope to set foot on Irish soil with his pastoral visit to the Republic of Ireland.
• 1982 – The 1982 Chicago Tylenol murders begin when the first of seven individuals dies in metropolitan Chicago.
• 1988 – Space Shuttle: NASA launches STS-26, the return to flight mission, after the Space Shuttle Challenger disaster.
• 1990 – Construction of the Washington National Cathedral is completed.
• 1990 – The YF-22, which would later become the F-22 Raptor, flies for the first time.
• 1991 – Military coup in Haiti (1991 Haitian coup d'état).
• 1992 – Brazilian President Fernando Collor de Mello is impeached.
• 1995 – The United States Navy disbands Fighter Squadron 84 (VF-84), nicknamed the "Jolly Rogers".
• 2004 – The asteroid 4179 Toutatis passes within four lunar distances of Earth.
• 2004 – The Burt Rutan Ansari X Prize entry SpaceShipOne performs a successful spaceflight, the first of two required to win the prize.
• 2006 – Gol Transportes Aéreos Flight 1907 collides in mid-air with an Embraer Legacy business jet near Peixoto de Azevedo, Mato Grosso, Brazil, killing 154 total people, and triggering a Brazilian aviation crisis.
• 2007 – Calder Hall, the world's first commercial nuclear power station, is demolished in a controlled explosion.
• 2008 – Following the bankruptcies of Lehman Brothers and Washington Mutual, The Dow Jones Industrial Average falls 777.68 points, the largest single-day point loss in its history.
• 2009 – An 8.0 magnitude earthquake near the Samoan Islands causes a tsunami.

 

 

 

 

 

Peace!

[Hippie Bowman]

Good morning!  It is September the 30th.  Here is today in history.

 

• 489 – Battle of Verona: The Ostrogoths under king Theodoric the Great defeat the forces of Odoacer for the second time at Verona (Northern Italy).
• 737 – Battle of the Baggage: Turgesh drive back an Umayyad invasion of Khuttal, follow them south of the Oxus and capture their baggage train.
• 1399 – Henry IV is proclaimed King of England.
• 1744 – France and Spain defeat the Kingdom of Sardinia at the Battle of Madonna dell'Olmo.
• 1791 – The first performance of The Magic Flute, the last opera by Mozart to make its debut, took place at Freihaus-Theater auf der Wieden in Vienna, Austria.
• 1791 – The National Constituent Assembly in Paris is dissolved; Parisians hail Maximilien Robespierre and Jérôme Pétion as "incorruptible patriots".
• 1813 – Battle of Bárbula: Simón Bolívar defeats Santiago Bobadilla.
• 1860 – Britain's first tram service begins in Birkenhead, Merseyside.
• 1882 – Thomas Edison's first commercial hydroelectric power plant (later known as Appleton Edison Light Company) begins operation on the Fox River in Appleton, Wisconsin, United States.
• 1888 – Jack the Ripper kills his third and fourth victims, Elizabeth Stride and Catherine Eddowes.
• 1895 – Madagascar becomes a French protectorate.
• 1903 – The new Gresham's School is officially opened by Field Marshal Sir Evelyn Wood.
• 1906 – The Real Academia Galega, Galician language's biggest linguistic authority, starts working in Havana.
• 1907 – McKinley National Memorial, final resting place of assassinated U.S. President William McKinley and his family, dedicated in Canton, Ohio.
• 1927 – Babe Ruth becomes the first baseball player to hit 60 home runs in a season.
• 1931 – Start of "Die Voortrekkers" youth movement for Afrikaners in Bloemfontein, South Africa.
• 1935 – The Hoover Dam, astride the border between the U.S. states of Arizona and Nevada, is dedicated.
• 1938 – At 2:00 am, Britain, France, Germany and Italy sign the Munich Agreement, allowing Germany to occupy the Sudetenland region of Czechoslovakia.
• 1938 – The League of Nations unanimously outlaws "intentional bombings of civilian populations".
• 1939 – General Władysław Sikorski becomes commander-in-chief of the Polish Government in exile.
• 1941 – World War II: Holocaust in Kiev, Ukraine: German Einsatzgruppe C complete Babi Yar massacre.
• 1945 – The Bourne End rail crash, in Hertfordshire, England, kills 43
• 1947 – The Islamic Republic of Pakistan and Yemen join the United Nations.
• 1947 – The World Series, featuring the New York Yankees and the Brooklyn Dodgers, is televised for the first time.
• 1949 – The Berlin Airlift ends.
• 1954 – The U.S. Navy submarine USS Nautilus is commissioned as the world's first nuclear reactor powered vessel.
• 1955 – Film star James Dean dies in a road accident aged 24.
• 1962 – Mexican-American labor leader César Chávez founds the National Farm Workers Association, which later becomes United Farm Workers.
• 1962 – James Meredith enters the University of Mississippi, defying segregation.
• 1965 – The Lockheed L-100, the civilian version of the C-130 Hercules, is introduced.
• 1965 – The 30 September Movement attempts a coup against the Indonesian government, which is crushed by the military under Suharto and leads to a mass anti-communist purge, with over 500,000 people killed.
• 1966 – The British protectorate of Bechuanaland declares its independence, and becomes the Republic of Botswana. Seretse Khama takes office as the first President.
• 1967 – BBC Light Programme, Third Programme and Home Service are replaced with BBC Radio 2, 3 and 4 Respectively, BBC Radio 1 is also launched with Tony Blackburn presenting the first show.
• 1968 – The Boeing 747 is rolled out and shown to the public for the first time at the Boeing Everett Factory.
• 1970 – Jordan makes a deal with the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP) for the release of the remaining hostages from the Dawson's Field hijackings.
• 1972 – Roberto Clemente records the 3,000th and final hit of his career.
• 1975 – The Hughes (later McDonnell-Douglas, now Boeing) AH-64 Apache makes its first flight.
• 1977 – Because of US budget cuts and dwindling power reserves, the Apollo program's ALSEP experiment packages left on the Moon are shut down.
• 1979 – The Hong Kong MTR commences service with the opening of its Modified Initial System (aka. Kwun Tong Line).
• 1980 – Ethernet specifications are published by Xerox working with Intel and Digital Equipment Corporation.
• 1982 – Cyanide-laced Tylenol kills six people in the Chicago area. Seven are killed in all.
• 1986 – Mordechai Vanunu, who revealed details of Israel's covert nuclear program to British media, is kidnapped in Rome, Italy by the Israeli Mossad.
• 1990 – The Dalai Lama unveils the Canadian Tribute to Human Rights in Canada's capital city of Ottawa.
• 1993 – An earthquake hits India's Latur and Osmanabad district of Marathwada (Aurangabad division) in Maharashtra state leaving tens of thousands of people dead and many more homeless.
• 1994 – Aldwych tube station (originally Strand Station) of the London Underground closes after eighty-eight years of service.
• 1994 – Ongar railway station, the furthest London Underground from Central London, closes.
• 1999 – Japan's second worst nuclear accident at a uranium reprocessing facility in Tōkai-mura, northeast of Tokyo.
• 2004 – The first images of a live giant squid in its natural habitat are taken 600 miles south of Tokyo.
• 2004 – The AIM-54 Phoenix, the primary missile for the F-14 Tomcat, is retired from service. Almost two years later, the Tomcat is retired.
• 2005 – The controversial drawings of Muhammad are printed in the Danish newspaper Jyllands-Posten.
• 2009 – The 2009 Sumatra earthquakes occur, killing over 1,115 people.

 

 

 

 

Peace!

[Hippie Bowman]

Good morning all!  It is October the 1st.  Here is today in history.

 

 

• 331 BC – Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of Gaugamela.
• 959 – Edgar the Peaceable becomes king of all England.
• 1189 – Gerard de Ridefort, grandmaster of the Knights Templar since 1184, is killed in the Siege of Acre.
• 1553 – Coronation of Queen Mary I of England.
• 1787 – Russians under Alexander Suvorov defeat the Turks at Kinburn.
• 1791 – First session of the French Legislative Assembly.
• 1795 – Belgium is conquered by France.
• 1800 – Spain cedes Louisiana to France via the Treaty of San Ildefonso.
• 1811 – The first steamboat to sail the Mississippi River arrives in New Orléans, Louisiana.
• 1814 – Opening of the Congress of Vienna, intended to redraw Europe's political map after the defeat of Napoléon the previous spring.
• 1827 – Russo-Persian War: The Russian army under Ivan Paskevich storms Yerevan, ending a millennium of Muslim domination in Armenia.
• 1829 – South African College is founded in Cape Town, South Africa; it will later separate into the University of Cape Town and the South African College Schools.
• 1832 – Texian political delegates convened at San Felipe de Austin to petition for changes in the governance of Mexican Texas.
• 1843 – The News of the World tabloid begins publication in London.
• 1847 – German inventor and industrialist Werner von Siemens founds Siemens AG & Halske.
• 1854 – The watch company founded in 1850 in Roxbury by Aaron Lufkin Dennison relocates to Waltham, Massachusetts, to become the Waltham Watch Company, a pioneer in the American system of watch manufacturing.
• 1880 – John Philip Sousa becomes leader of the United States Marine Band.
• 1880 – First electric lamp factory is opened by Thomas Edison.
• 1887 – Balochistan is conquered by the British Empire.
• 1890 – Yosemite National Park is established by the U.S. Congress.
• 1891 – In the U.S. state of California, Stanford University opens its doors.
• 1898 – The Vienna University of Economics and Business Administration is founded under the name k.u.k. Exportakademie.
• 1903 – Baseball: The Boston Americans play the Pittsburgh Pirates in the first game of the modern World Series.
• 1905 – František Pavlík is killed in a demonstration in Prague, inspiring Leoš Janáček to the piano composition 1. X. 1905.
• 1908 – Ford puts the Model T car on the market at a price of US$825.
• 1910 – Los Angeles Times bombing: A large bomb destroys the Los Angeles Times building in downtown Los Angeles, California, killing 21.
• 1918 – World War I: Arab forces under T. E. Lawrence, also known as "Lawrence of Arabia" capture Damascus.
• 1920 – Sir Percy Cox lands in Basra to assume his responsibilities as high commissioner in Iraq.
• 1928 – The Soviet Union introduces its First Five-Year Plan.
• 1931 – The George Washington Bridge linking New Jersey and New York opens.
• 1936 – Francisco Franco is named head of the Nationalist government of Spain.
• 1937 – The Japanese city Handa is founded in Aichi Prefecture.
• 1938 – Germany annexes the Sudetenland.
• 1939 – After a one-month Siege of Warsaw, hostile forces enter the city.
• 1940 – The Pennsylvania Turnpike, often considered the first superhighway in the United States, opens to traffic.
• 1942 – USS Grouper torpedoes Lisbon Maru not knowing she is carrying British PoWs from Hong Kong
• 1942 – First flight of the Bell XP-59 "Aircomet".
• 1943 – World War II: Naples falls to Allied soldiers.
• 1946 – Nazi leaders are sentenced at Nuremberg Trials.
• 1946 – Mensa International is founded in the United Kingdom.
• 1947 – The F-86 Sabre flies for the first time.
• 1949 – The People's Republic of China is established and declared by Mao Zedong.
• 1957 – First appearance of In God We Trust on U.S. paper currency.
• 1958 – NASA is created to replace NACA.
• 1960 – Nigeria gains independence from the United Kingdom.
• 1961 – East and West Cameroon merge to form the Federal Republic of Cameroon.
• 1962 – First broadcast of The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson.
• 1964 – The Free Speech Movement is launched on the campus of University of California, Berkeley.
• 1964 – Japanese Shinkansen ("bullet trains") begin high-speed rail service from Tokyo to Osaka.
• 1965 – General Suharto rises to power after a coup that alleged to the Communist Party of Indonesia. In response, Suharto and his army massacre over a million Indonesians suspected of being communists. The killings of 7 army officers happened in the early hours of 1 October 1965.
• 1966 – West Coast Airlines Flight 956 crashes with eighteen fatalities and no survivors 5.5 miles south of Wemme, Oregon. This accident marks the first loss of a DC-9.
• 1968 – The Guyanese government takes over the British Guiana Broadcasting Service (BGBS).
• 1969 – Concorde breaks the sound barrier for the first time.
• 1971 – Walt Disney World opens near Orlando, Florida, United States.
• 1971 – The first brain-scan using x-ray computed tomography (CT or CAT scan) is performed at Atkinson Morley Hospital in Wimbledon, London.
• 1975 – The Seychelles gain internal self-government. The Ellice Islands split from Gilbert Islands and take the name Tuvalu.
• 1975 – Thrilla in Manila: Muhammad Ali defeats Joe Frazier in a boxing match in Manila, Philippines.
• 1978 – Tuvalu gains independence from the United Kingdom.
• 1978 – The Voltaic Revolutionary Communist Party is founded.
• 1979 – The United States returns sovereignty of the Panama canal to Panama.
• 1982 – Helmut Kohl replaces Helmut Schmidt as Chancellor of Germany through a Constructive Vote of No Confidence.
• 1982 – EPCOT Center opens at Walt Disney World near Orlando, Florida, United States.
• 1982 – Sony launches the first consumer compact disc player (model CDP-101).
• 1985 – The Israeli air force bombs PLO Headquarters in Tunis.
• 1987 – The Whittier Narrows earthquake shakes the San Gabriel Valley, registering as magnitude 5.9.
• 1989 – Denmark introduces the world's first legal modern same-sex civil union called "registered partnership".
• 1991 – New Zealand's Resource Management Act 1991 comes into force.
• 1991 – The Siege of Dubrovnik begins.
• 1994 – Palau gains independence from the United Nations (trusteeship administered by the United States of America).
• 1998 – Vladimir Putin becomes a permanent member of the Security Council of the Russian Federation.
• 2009 – The Supreme Court of the United Kingdom takes over the judicial functions of the House of Lords.

 

 

 

 

 

Peace!

[Madelaine McMasters]

10-1-2013    Alabe Crafts Company releases "Magic Rapture-Ball", a special version of their ever popular "Magic 8-Ball". The Rapture-Ball contains 20 randomly chosen dates for the Apocalypse. Over the next 200 years, Rapture-Ball would eventually displace Nostradamus as the World's most quoted seer.

10-1-2015    Deposed Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad moves to Madison, Wisconsin to become chief editor of startup newspaper "Hummus".

[Hippie Bowman]

Good morning all!  It is October the 2nd.  Here is today in history.

 

• 1187 – Siege of Jerusalem: Saladin captures Jerusalem after 88 years of Crusader rule.
• 1263 – The battle of Largs is fought between Norwegians and Scots.
• 1535 – Jacques Cartier discovers the area where Montreal, Quebec is located.
• 1552 – Conquest of Kazan by Ivan the Terrible.
• 1780 – John André, British Army officer of the American Revolutionary War, is hanged as a spy by American forces.
• 1789 – George Washington sends the proposed Constitutional amendments (The United States Bill of Rights) to the States for ratification.
• 1814 – Battle of Rancagua: Spanish Royalists troops under Mariano Osorio defeated rebel Chilean forces of Bernardo O'Higgins and Jose Miguel Carrera.
• 1835 – The Texas Revolution begins with the Battle of Gonzales: Mexican soldiers attempt to disarm the people of Gonzales, Texas, but encounter stiff resistance from a hastily assembled militia.
• 1864 – American Civil War: Battle of Saltville – Union forces attack Saltville, Virginia, but are defeated by Confederate troops.
• 1889 – In Colorado, Nicholas Creede strikes it rich in silver during the last great silver boom of the American Old West.
• 1919 – U.S. President Woodrow Wilson suffers a massive stroke, leaving him partially paralyzed.
• 1924 – The Geneva Protocol is adopted as a means to strengthen the League of Nations.
• 1925 – John Logie Baird performs the first test of a working television system.
• 1928 – The "Prelature of the Holy Cross and the Work of God", commonly known as Opus Dei, is founded by Saint Josemaría Escrivá.
• 1937 – Dominican Republic strongman Rafael Trujillo orders the execution of the Haitian population living within the borderlands; approximately 20,000 are killed over the next five days.
• 1941 – World War II: In Operation Typhoon, Germany begins an all-out offensive against Moscow.
• 1944 – World War II: German troops end the Warsaw Uprising.
• 1950 – Peanuts by Charles M. Schulz is first published
• 1958 – Guinea declares its independence from France.
• 1959 – The anthology series The Twilight Zone premieres on CBS television.
• 1967 – Thurgood Marshall is sworn in as the first African-American justice of United States Supreme Court.
• 1968 – A peaceful student demonstration in Mexico City culminates in the Tlatelolco massacre.
• 1970 – A plane carrying the Wichita State University football team, administrators, and supporters crashes in Colorado killing 31 people.
• 1990 – Xiamen Airlines Flight 8301 is hijacked; after landing at Guangzhou, it crashes into two airliners on the ground, killing 132 people.
• 1992 – The Carandiru Massacre takes place after a riot in the Carandiru Penitentiary in São Paulo, Brazil.
• 1996 – The Electronic Freedom of Information Act Amendments are signed by U.S. President Bill Clinton.
• 1996 – Aeroperú Flight 603, a Boeing 757, crashes into the Pacific Ocean shortly after takeoff from Lima, Peru, killing 70.
• 2001 – NATO backs U.S. military strikes following 9/11.
• 2001 – Swissair liquidates and the airline is replaced by SWISS.
• 2002 – The Beltway sniper attacks begin, extending over three weeks.
• 2005 – Aleksandër Moisiu University was open in Durrës, Albania.
• 2005 – Ethan Allen Boating Accident: The Ethan Allen tour boat capsizes on Lake George in Upstate New York, killing twenty people.
• 2006 – Five school girls are murdered by Charles Carl Roberts in a shooting at an Amish school in Nickel Mines, Pennsylvania before Roberts commits suicide.
• 2007 – President Roh Moo-hyun of South Korea walks across the Military Demarcation Line into North Korea on his way to the second Inter-Korean Summit with North Korean leader Kim Jong Il.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Peace!

[Hippie Bowman]

Good morning all!  It is October the 3rd.  Here is today in history!

 

• 52 BC – Vercingetorix, leader of the Gauls, surrenders to the Romans under Julius Caesar, ending the siege and Battle of Alesia.
• 42 BC – First Battle of Philippi: Triumvirs Mark Antony and Octavian fight a decisive battle with Caesar's assassins Brutus and Cassius.
• 382 – Emperor Theodosius I concludes a peace treaty with the Goths and settles them in the Balkans in exchange for military service.
• 1283 – Dafydd ap Gruffydd, prince of Gwynedd in Wales, becomes the first nobleman executed by being hanged, drawn and quartered.
• 1574 – The Siege of Leiden is lifted by the Watergeuzen.
• 1683 – The Qing Dynasty naval commander Shi Lang reaches Taiwan (under the Kingdom of Tungning) to receive the formal surrender of Zheng Keshuang and Liu Guoxuan after the Battle of Penghu.
• 1712 – The Duke of Montrose issues a warrant for the arrest of Rob Roy MacGregor.
• 1739 – The Treaty of Nissa is signed by the Ottoman Empire and Russia at the finish of the Russian-Turkish War, 1736–1739.
• 1778 – British Captain James Cook anchors in Alaska.
• 1789 – George Washington makes the first Thanksgiving Day designated by the national government of the United States of America.
• 1795 – General Napoleon Bonaparte first rises to national prominence being named to defend the French National Convention against armed counter-revolutionary rioters threatening the three year old revolutionary government.
• 1835 – The Staedtler Company is founded in Nuremberg, Germany.
• 1849 – American author Edgar Allan Poe is found delirious in a gutter in Baltimore, Maryland under mysterious circumstances; it is the last time he is seen in public before his death.
• 1863 – The last Thursday in November is declared as Thanksgiving Day by President Abraham Lincoln as are Thursdays, November 30, 1865 and November 29, 1866.
• 1872 – Bloomingdale brothers opened their first store at 938 Third Avenue, New York City.
• 1873 – Captain Jack and companions are hanged for their part in the Modoc War.
• 1912 – U.S. forces defeat Nicaraguan rebels under the command of Benjamín Zeledón at the Battle of Coyotepe Hill.
• 1918 – King Boris III of Bulgaria accedes to the throne.
• 1919 – Cincinnati Reds pitcher Adolfo Luque becomes the 1st Latin player to appear in a World Series.
• 1929 – The Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes is renamed to Kingdom of Yugoslavia, "Land of the South Slavs".
• 1932 – Iraq gains independence from the United Kingdom.
• 1935 – Second Italo-Abyssinian War: Italy invades Ethiopia under General de Bono.
• 1942 – Spaceflight: The first successful launch of a V-2 /A4-rocket from Test Stand VII at Peenemünde, Germany. It is the first man-made object to reach space.
• 1949 – WERD, the 1st black-owned radio station in the United States, opens in Atlanta, Georgia.
• 1950 – Korean War: The First Battle of Maryang San, primarily pitting Australian and British forces against communist China, begins.
• 1951 – The "Shot Heard 'Round the World", one of the greatest moments in Major League Baseball history, occurs when the New York Giants' Bobby Thomson hits a game winning home run in the bottom of the ninth inning off of the Brooklyn Dodgers pitcher Ralph Branca, to win the National League pennant after being down 14 games.
• 1952 – The United Kingdom successfully tests a nuclear weapon to become the world's third nuclear power.
• 1955 – The Mickey Mouse Club debuts on ABC.
• 1957 – Allen Ginsberg's Howl and Other Poems is ruled not obscene.
• 1961 – The Dick Van **bleep** Show premieres on CBS-TV in the United States.
• 1962 – Project Mercury: Sigma 7 is launched from Cape Canaveral, with Astronaut Wally Schirra aboard, for a six-orbit, nine-hour flight.
• 1964 – First Buffalo Wings are made at the Anchor Bar in Buffalo, New York.
• 1981 – The Hunger Strike by Provisional Irish Republican Army and Irish National Liberation Army prisoners at the Maze Prison in Northern Ireland ends after seven months and ten deaths.
• 1985 – The Space Shuttle Atlantis makes its maiden flight. (Mission STS-51-J)
• 1986 – TASCC, a superconducting cyclotron at the Chalk River Laboratories, is officially opened.
• 1990 – Re-unification of Germany. The German Democratic Republic ceases to exist and its territory becomes part of the Federal Republic of Germany. East German citizens became part of the European Community, which later became the European Union. Now celebrated as German Unity Day.
• 1993 – Battle of Mogadishu: In an attempt to capture officials of warlord Mohamed Farrah Aidid's organisation in Mogadishu, Somalia, 18 US soldiers and about 1,000 Somalis are killed in heavy fighting.
• 1995 – O. J. Simpson is acquitted of the murders of Nicole Brown Simpson and Ronald Goldman.
• 2003 – Roy Horn of Siegfried & Roy is attacked by one of the show's tigers, canceling the show until 2009, when they rejoined the tiger that mauled Roy just six years earlier.
• 2008 – The Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 for the US financial system is signed by President Bush.

 

 

 

 

 

Peace!

[Madelaine McMasters]

---

Hippie Bowman wrote:

Good morning all!  It is October the 3rd.  Here is today in history!

 

1961

–

The Dick Van **bleep** Show

premieres on

CBS-TV

in the United States.

Peace!

---

10-3-2013    **bleep** Lab CEO **bleep** Humble, known to SL residents as **bleep**vik **bleep**, is forced to change his name when the forum banned word **bleep**tionary is updated to **bleep** any word or word part that might be even remotely considered obscene.

[Storm Clarence]

Curious only.  

http://community.secondlife.com/t5/General-Discussion-Forum/Is-Assange-an-quot-information-terrorist-quot/m-p/1682761#M78792

 

[Hippie Bowman]

Good morning all!  It is October the 4th.  Here is today in history.

 

• 610 – Heraclius arrives by ship from Africa at Constantinople, overthrows Byzantine Emperor Phocas and becomes Emperor.
• 1227 – Assassination of Caliph al-Adil.
• 1363 – End of the Battle of Lake Poyang; the Chinese rebel forces of Zhu Yuanzhang defeat that of his rival, Chen Youliang, in one of the largest naval battles in history.
• 1511 – Formation of the Holy League of Ferdinand II of Aragon, the Papal States and the Republic of Venice against France.
• 1535 – The first complete English-language Bible (the Coverdale Bible) is printed, with translations by William Tyndale and Miles Coverdale.
• 1582 – Pope Gregory XIII implements the Gregorian Calendar. In Italy, Poland, Portugal, and Spain, October 4 of this year is followed directly by October 15.
• 1636 – The Swedish Army defeats the armies of Saxony and the Holy Roman Empire at the Battle of Wittstock.
• 1693 – Battle of Marsaglia: Piedmontese troops are defeated by the French.
• 1725 – Foundation of Rosario in Argentina.
• 1777 – Battle of Germantown: Troops under George Washington are repelled by British troops under Sir William Howe.
• 1779 – The Fort Wilson Riot takes place.
• 1795 – Napoleon Bonaparte first rises to national prominence with a "Whiff of Grapeshot", using cannon to suppress armed counter-revolutionary rioters threatening the French Legislature (National Convention).
• 1824 – Mexico adopts a new constitution and becomes a federal republic.
• 1830 – Creation of the Kingdom of Belgium after separation from the Netherlands.
• 1853 – Crimean War: The Ottoman Empire declares war on Russia.
• 1876 – Texas A&M University opens as the Agricultural and Mechanical College of Texas, becoming the first public institution of higher education in Texas.
• 1883 – First run of the Orient Express.
• 1883 – First meeting of the Boys' Brigade in Glasgow, Scotland.
• 1895 – The first U.S. Open Men's Golf Championship administered by the United States Golf Association is played at the Newport Country Club in Newport, Rhode Island.
• 1917 The Battle of Broodseinde fought between the British and German armies in Flanders.
• 1918 – An explosion kills more than 100 and destroys the T.A. Gillespie Company Shell Loading Plant in Sayreville, New Jersey. Fires and explosions continue for three days forcing massive evacuations and spreading ordnance over a wide area, pieces of which were still being found as of 2007.
• 1927 – Gutzon Borglum begins sculpting Mount Rushmore.
• 1940 – Meeting between Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini at the Brenner Pass.
• 1941 – Norman Rockwell's Willie Gillis character debuts on the cover of the Saturday Evening Post.
• 1943 – World War II: U.S. captures Solomon Islands.
• 1957 – Space Race: Launch of Sputnik I, the first artificial satellite to orbit the Earth.
• 1957 – Avro Arrow roll-out ceremony at Avro Canada plant in Malton, Ontario.
• 1957 – Leave It To Beaver premieres on CBS.
• 1958 – Fifth Republic of France is established.
• 1960 – Eastern Air Lines Flight 375, a Lockheed L-188 Electra, crashes after a bird strike on takeoff from Boston's Logan International Airport, killing 62 of 72 on board.
• 1963 – Hurricane Flora, kills 6,000 in Cuba and Haiti.
• 1965 – Becoming the first Pope to ever visit the United States of America and the Western hemisphere, Pope Paul VI arrives in New York.
• 1966 – Basutoland becomes independent from the United Kingdom and is renamed Lesotho.
• 1967 – Omar Ali Saifuddin III of Brunei abdicates in favour of his son, His Majesty Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah.
• 1974 – Founding of the New Democracy party in Greece.
• 1976 – Official launch of the Intercity 125 High Speed Train (HST).
• 1983 – Richard Noble sets a new land speed record of 633.468 mph (1,019 km/h), driving Thrust 2 at the Black Rock Desert of Nevada.
• 1985 – Free Software Foundation is founded in Massachusetts, United States.
• 1988 – U.S. televangelist Jim Bakker is indicted for fraud.
• 1991 – The Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty is opened for signature.
• 1992 – The Rome General Peace Accords ends a 16 year civil war in Mozambique.
• 1992 – El Al Flight 1862: an El Al Boeing 747-258F crashes into two apartment buildings in Amsterdam, killing 43 including 39 on the ground.
• 1993 – Russian Constitutional Crisis: In Moscow, tanks bombard the White House, a government building that housed the Russian parliament, while demonstrators against President Boris Yeltsin rally outside.
• 1997 – The second largest cash robbery in U.S. history occurs at the Charlotte, North Carolina office of Loomis, Fargo and Company. A Federal Bureau of Investigation investigation eventually results in 24 convictions and the recovery of approximately 95% of the $17.3 million in cash which had been taken.
• 2001 – NATO confirms invocation of Article 5 of the North Atlantic Treaty.
• 2001 – Siberia Airlines Flight 1812: a Sibir Airlines Tupolev TU-154 crashes into the Black Sea after being struck by an errant Ukrainian S-200 missile. 78 people are killed.
• 2003 – Maxim restaurant suicide bombing in Haifa, Israel: 21 Israelis, Jews and Arabs, are killed, and 51 others wounded.
• 2004 – SpaceShipOne wins Ansari X Prize for private spaceflight, by being the first private craft to fly into space.
• 2010 – The Ajka plant accident in western Hungary releases about a million cubic metres (35 million cubic feet) of liquid alumina sludge. Nine people are killed and 122 injured, and the Marcal and Danube rivers are severely contaminated.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Peace!

[Hippie Bowman]

Good morning!  Today is October the 5th.  Here is today in history.

 

 

• 456 – The Visigoths under king Theodoric II, acting on orders of the Roman emperor Avitus, invade Spain with an army of Burgundians, Franks and Goths, led by the kings Chilperic I and Gondioc. They defeat the Suebi under king Rechiar on the river Urbicus near Astorga (Gallaecia).
• 610 – Coronation of Byzantine Emperor Heraclius.
• 869 – The Fourth Council of Constantinople is convened to decide about what to do about patriarch Photius of Constantinople.
• 1143 – King Alfonso VII of León recognises Portugal as a Kingdom.
• 1450 – Jews are expelled from Lower Bavaria by order of Louis IX, Duke of Bavaria.
• 1550 – Foundation of Concepción, city in Chile.
• 1582 – Because of the implementation of the Gregorian calendar this day does not exist in this year in Italy, Poland, Portugal and Spain.
• 1665 – The University of Kiel is founded.
• 1789 – French Revolution: Women of Paris march to Versailles in the March on Versailles to confront Louis XVI about his refusal to promulgate the decrees on the abolition of feudalism, demand bread, and have the King and his court moved to Paris.
• 1793 – French Revolution: Christianity is disestablished in France.
• 1813 – Battle of Thames in Canada; Americans defeat British.
• 1857 – The City of Anaheim is founded.
• 1864 – The Indian city of Calcutta is almost totally destroyed by a cyclone; 60,000 die.
• 1869 – The Saxby Gale devastates the Bay of Fundy region of Maritime Canada. The storm had been predicted over a year before by a British naval officer.
• 1877 – Chief Joseph surrenders his Nez Perce band to General Nelson A. Miles.
• 1895 – The first individual time trial for racing cyclists is held on a 50-mile course north of London.
• 1903 – Sir Samuel Griffith is appointed the first Chief Justice of Australia and Sir Edmund Barton and Richard O'Connor are appointed as foundation justices.
• 1905 – Wilbur Wright pilots Wright Flyer III in a flight of 24 miles in 39 minutes, a world record that stood until 1908.
• 1910 – In a revolution in Portugal the monarchy is overthrown and a republic is declared.
• 1914 – World War I: first aerial combat resulting in an intentional fatality.
• 1915 – Bulgaria enters World War I as one of the Central Powers.
• 1921 – Baseball: The World Series is broadcast on the radio for the first time.
• 1930 – British Airship R101 crashes in France en-route to India on its maiden voyage.
• 1936 – The Jarrow March sets off for London.
• 1943 – 98 American POW's executed by Japanese forces on Wake Island.
• 1944 – Royal Canadian Air Force pilots shoot down the first German jet fighter over France.
• 1944 – Suffrage is extended to women in France.
• 1945 – Hollywood Black Friday: A six-month strike by Hollywood set decorators turns into a bloody riot at the gates of Warner Brothers' studios.
• 1947 – The first televised White House address is given by U.S. President Harry S. Truman.
• 1948 – The 1948 Ashgabat earthquake kills 110,000.
• 1953 – The first documented recovery meeting of Narcotics Anonymous is held.
• 1955 – Disneyland Hotel opens to the public in Anaheim, California.
• 1962 – Dr. No, the first in the James Bond film series, is released.
• 1962 – The Beatles' first single, "Love Me Do" backed with "P.S. I Love You", is released in the United Kingdom.
• 1966 – Near Detroit, Michigan, there is a partial core meltdown at the Enrico Fermi demonstration nuclear breeder reactor.
• 1968 – Police baton civil rights demonstrators in Derry, Northern Ireland – considered to mark the beginning of The Troubles.
• 1969 – The first episode of Monty Python's Flying Circus airs on BBC One.
• 1970 – The Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) is founded.
• 1970 – Montreal, Quebec: British Trade Commissioner James Cross is kidnapped by members of the FLQ terrorist group, triggering the October Crisis.
• 1973 – Signature of the European Patent Convention.
• 1974 – Guildford pub bombings: bombs planted by the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) kill four British soldiers and one civilian.
• 1975 – Operation Primicia: terrorist attack against a Military Regiment at Formosa, Argentina.
• 1982 – Chicago Tylenol murders: Johnson & Johnson initiates a nationwide product recall in the United States for all products in its Tylenol brand after several bottles in Chicago are found to have been laced with cyanide, resulting in seven deaths.
• 1984 – Marc Garneau becomes the first Canadian in space, aboard the Space Shuttle Challenger.
• 1986 – Israeli secret nuclear weapons are revealed. The British newspaper The Sunday Times runs Mordechai Vanunu's story on its front page under the headline: "Revealed — the secrets of Israel's nuclear arsenal".
• 1988 – The Chilean opposition coalition Concertación (center-left) defeats Augusto Pinochet in his re-election attempt and a general election is called the following year.
• 1988 – The Brazilian Constitution is ratified by Constituent Assembly.
• 1990 – After one hundred and fifty years The Herald broadsheet newspaper in Melbourne, Australia, is published for the last time as a separate newspaper.
• 1991 – An Indonesian military transport crashes after takeoff from Jakarta killing 137.
• 1991 – The first official version of the Linux kernel, version 0.02, is released.
• 1999 – The Ladbroke Grove rail crash in west London kills 31 people.
• 2000 – Mass demonstrations in Belgrade lead to resignation of Serbian strongman Slobodan Milošević. These demonstrations are often called the Bulldozer Revolution.
• 2011 – In the Mekong River massacre, two Chinese cargo boats are hijacked and 13 crew members murdered in the lawless Golden Triangle region of Southeast Asia.

 

 

 

 

 

Peace!

[Madelaine McMasters]

10-5-1976    Nine year old Cecil Torbek steps on a crack and does not break his mother's back, making him one of over four billion people to disprove the popular adage. Noticing he'd beaten the odds, Cecil went on to challenge ever larger cracks until fracturing two lumbar vertebrae after stepping into a construction trench on his way home from school.

10-5-2011    Apple co-founder Steve Jobs skates to where all our pucks are going to be.

Stay hungry, stay foolish, Everybody.

 

[Hippie Bowman]

Good morning all!  It is October the 6th.  Here is today in history!

 

 

• 105 BC – Battle of Arausio: The Cimbri inflict the heaviest defeat on the Roman army of Gnaeus Mallius Maximus.
• 69 BC – Battle of Tigranocerta: Forces of the Roman Republic defeat the army of the Kingdom of Armenia led by King Tigranes the Great.
• 68 BC – Battle of Artaxata: Lucullus averts the bad omen of this day by defeating Tigranes the Great of Armenia.
• 404 – Byzantine Empress Eudoxia has her seventh and last pregnancy who ends in a miscarriage. She is left bleeding and dies of an infection shortly after.
• 1582 – Because of the implementation of the Gregorian calendar, this day is skipped in Italy, Poland, Portugal and Spain.
• 1600 – Jacopo Peri's Euridice, the earliest surviving opera, receives its première performance in Florence, signifying the beginning of the Baroque Period
• 1683 – German immigrant families found Germantown in the colony of Pennsylvania, marking the first major immigration of German people to America.
• 1762 – Seven Years' War: conclusion of the Battle of Manila between Britain and Spain, which resulted in the British occupation of Manila for the rest of the war.
• 1777 – American Revolutionary War: General Sir Henry Clinton leads British forces in the capture of Continental Army Hudson River defenses in the Battle of Forts Clinton and Montgomery.
• 1789 – French Revolution: Louis XVI returns to Paris from Versailles after being confronted by the Parisian women on 5 October
• 1849 – The execution of the 13 Martyrs of Arad after the Hungarian war of independence.
• 1854 – England: The Great fire of Newcastle and Gateshead starts shortly after midnight, leading to 53 deaths and hundreds injured.
• 1876 – The American Library Association was founded.
• 1884 – The Naval War College of the United States Navy is founded in Newport, Rhode Island.
• 1889 – American inventor Thomas Edison shows his first motion picture.
• 1903 – The High Court of Australia sat for the first time.
• 1908 – Austria annexes Bosnia and Herzegovina.
• 1910 – Eleftherios Venizelos is elected Prime Minister of Greece for the first time (7 times in total).
• 1923 – The great powers of World War I withdraw from Istanbul
• 1927 – Opening of The Jazz Singer, the first prominent talking movie.
• 1939 – World War II: Germany's invasion of Poland ends with the surrender of Polesia army after the Battle of Kock
• 1945 – Baseball: Billy Sianis and his pet billy goat are ejected from Wrigley Field during Game 4 of the 1945 World Series (see Curse of the Billy Goat).
• 1973 – Egypt launches a coordinated attack with Syria against Israel leading to the Yom Kippur War.
• 1976 – Cubana Flight 455 crashes into the Atlantic Ocean shortly after taking off from Bridgetown, Barbados after two bombs, placed on board by terrorists with connections to the CIA, exploded. All 73 people on board are killed.
• 1976 – New Premier Hua Guofeng orders the arrest of the Gang of Four and associates and ends the Cultural Revolution in the People's Republic of China.
• 1976 – Massacre of students gathering at Thammasat University in Bangkok, Thailand to protest the return of ex-dictator Thanom, by a coalition of right-wing paramilitary and government forces, triggering the return of the military to government.
• 1977 – In Alicante, Spain, fascists attack a group of MCPV militants and sympathizers, and one MCPV sympathizer is killed.
• 1977 – The first prototype of the MiG-29, designated 9-01, makes its maiden flight.
• 1979 – Pope John Paul II becomes the first pontiff to visit the White House.
• 1981 – Egyptian President Anwar al-Sadat is assassinated.
• 1985 – PC Keith Blakelock is murdered as riots erupt in the Broadwater Farm suburb of London.
• 1987 – Fiji becomes a republic.
• 1995 – 51 Pegasi is discovered to be the second major star apart from the Sun to have a planet (and extrasolar planet) orbiting around it.
• 2000 – Yugoslav president Slobodan Milošević resigns.
• 2000 – Argentine vice president Carlos Álvarez resigns.
• 2002 – The French oil tanker Limburg is bombed off Yemen.
• 2007 – Jason Lewis completes the first human-powered circumnavigation of the globe.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Peace!

[Hippie Bowman]

Good morning all!  It is October the 7th.  Here is today in history.

 

 

• 3761 BC – The epoch reference date epoch (origin) of the modern Hebrew calendar (Proleptic Julian calendar).
• 1477 – Uppsala University is inaugurated after receiving its corporate rights from Pope Sixtus IV in February the same year.
• 1513 – Battle of La Motta: Spanish troops under Ramón de Cardona defeat the Venetians.
• 1542 – Explorer Cabrillo discovers Santa Catalina Island off the California coast.
• 1571 – The Battle of Lepanto is fought, and the Holy League (Spain and Italy) destroys the Turkish fleet.
• 1582 – Because of the implementation of the Gregorian calendar, this day is skipped in Italy, Poland, Portugal and Spain.
• 1691 – The English royal charter for the Province of Massachusetts Bay is issued.
• 1763 – George III of Great Britain issues British Royal Proclamation of 1763, closing aboriginal lands in North America north and west of Alleghenies to white settlements.
• 1776 – Crown Prince Paul of Russia marries Sophie Marie Dorothea of Württemberg.
• 1777 – American Revolutionary War: The Americans defeat the British in the Second Battle of Saratoga, also known as the Battle of Bemis Heights.
• 1780 – American Revolutionary War: Battle of Kings Mountain American Patriot militia defeat Loyalist irregulars led by British colonel Patrick Ferguson in South Carolina.
• 1800 – French corsair Robert Surcouf, commander of the 18-gun ship La Confiance, captures the British 38-gun Kent inspiring the traditional French song Le Trente-et-un du mois d'août.
• 1826 – The Granite Railway begins operations as the first chartered railway in the U.S.
• 1828 – The city of Patras, Greece, is liberated by the French expeditionary force in the Peloponnese under General Maison.
• 1840 – Willem II becomes King of the Netherlands.
• 1849 – Death of Edgar Allan Poe
• 1862 – Royal Columbian Hospital (RCH) opens as the first hospital in the Canadian province of British Columbia
• 1864 – American Civil War: USS Wachusett captures the CSS Florida Confederate raider while in port in Bahia, Brazil.
• 1868 – Cornell University holds opening day ceremonies; initial student enrollment is 412, the highest at any American university to that date.
• 1870 – Franco-Prussian War – Siege of Paris: Leon Gambetta flees Paris in a balloon.
• 1879 – Germany and Austria-Hungary sign the "Twofold Covenant" and create the Dual Alliance.
• 1912 – The Helsinki Stock Exchange sees its first transaction.
• 1916 – Georgia Tech defeats Cumberland University 222-0 in the most lopsided college football game in American history.
• 1919 – KLM, the flag carrier of the Netherlands, is founded. It is the oldest airline still operating under its original name.
• 1924 – Andreas Michalakopoulos becomes Prime Minister of Greece for a short period of time.
• 1929 – Photios II becomes Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople.
• 1933 – Air France is inaugurated, after being formed by a merger of 5 French airlines.
• 1940 – World War II: the McCollum memo proposes bringing the United States into the war in Europe by provoking the Japanese to attack the United States.
• 1942 – World War II: The October Matanikau action on Guadalcanal begins as United States Marine Corps forces attack Imperial Japanese Army units along the Matanikau River.
• 1944 – World War II: Uprising at Birkenau concentration camp, Jewish prisoners burn down the crematoria.
• 1949 – The German Democratic Republic (East Germany) is formed.
• 1955 – American poet Allen Ginsberg performs his poem Howl for the first time at the Six Gallery in San Francisco.
• 1958 – President of Pakistan Iskander Mirza, with the support of General Ayub Khan and the army, suspends the 1956 constitution, imposes martial law, and cancels the elections scheduled for January 1959.
• 1958 – The U.S. manned space-flight project is renamed Project Mercury.
• 1959 – U.S.S.R. probe Luna 3 transmits the first ever photographs of the far side of the Moon.
• 1960 – Nigeria joins the United Nations.
• 1963 – John F. Kennedy signs the ratification of the Partial Test Ban Treaty.
• 1971 – Oman joins the United Nations.
• 1976 – Hua Guofeng becomes Mao Zedong's successor as chairman of Communist Party of China.
• 1977 – The adoption of the Fourth Soviet Constitution.
• 1985 – The Achille Lauro is hijacked by Palestine Liberation Organization.
• 1985 – The Mameyes landslide kills close to 300 in the worst landslide in North American history.
• 1991 – Bombing of Banski dvori in Zagreb.
• 1993 – The Great Flood of 1993 ends at St. Louis, Missouri, 103 days after it began, as the Mississippi River falls below flood stage.
• 1998 – Matthew Shepard, a gay student at the University of Wyoming, is found tied to a fence after being savagely beaten by two young adults in Laramie, Wyoming.
• 2001 – The U.S. invasion of Afghanistan begins with an air assault and covert operations on the ground.
• 2004 – King Norodom Sihanouk of Cambodia abdicates, replaced by his son Norodom Sihamoni a week later.
• 2006 – Russian journalist and human rights activist Anna Politkovskaya is shot and killed outside her home in Moscow.

 

 

 

 

 

Peace!

[Hippie Bowman]

Good morning all!  It is October the 8th.  Here is today in history!

 

• 314 – Roman Emperor Licinius is defeated by his colleague Constantine I at the Battle of Cibalae, and loses his European territories.
• 451 – At Chalcedon, a city of Bithynia in Asia Minor, the first session of the Council of Chalcedon begins (ends on November 1).
• 1075 – Dmitar Zvonimir is crowned King of Croatia.
• 1200 – Isabella of Angoulême is crowned Queen consort of England.
• 1322 – Mladen II Šubić of Bribir, defeated in the battle of Bliska, is arrested by the Parliament.
• 1480 – Great standing on the Ugra river, a standoff between the forces of Akhmat Khan, Khan of the Great Horde, and the Grand Duke Ivan III of Russia, which results in the retreat of the Tataro-Mongols and the eventual disintegration of the Horde.
• 1573 – End of the Spanish siege of Alkmaar, the first Dutch victory in Eighty Years War.
• 1582 – Because of the implementation of the Gregorian calendar this day does not exist in this year in Italy, Poland, Portugal and Spain.
• 1600 – San Marino adopts its written constitution.
• 1645 – Jeanne Mance opened the Hôtel-Dieu de Montréal, the first lay hospital in North America.
• 1806 – Napoleonic Wars: Forces of the British Empire lay siege to the port of Boulogne in France by using Congreve rockets, invented by Sir William Congreve.
• 1813 – The Treaty of Ried is signed between Bayern and Austria.
• 1821 – The government of general José de San Martín establishes the Peruvian Navy.
• 1829 – Rail transport: Stephenson's The Rocket wins The Rainhill Trials.
• 1856 – The Second Opium War between several western powers and China begins with the Arrow Incident on the Pearl River.
• 1860 – Telegraph line between Los Angeles and San Francisco opens.
• 1862 – American Civil War: Battle of Perryville – Union forces under General Don Carlos Buell halt the Confederate invasion of Kentucky by defeating troops led by General Braxton Bragg at Perryville, Kentucky.
• 1871 – Four major fires break out on the shores of Lake Michigan in Chicago, Peshtigo, Wisconsin, Holland, Michigan, and Manistee, Michigan including the Great Chicago Fire, and the much deadlier Peshtigo Fire.
• 1879 – War of the Pacific: the Chilean Navy defeats the Peruvian Navy in the Battle of Angamos, Peruvian Admiral Miguel Grau is killed in the encounter.
• 1895 – Eulmi incident- Queen Min of Joseon, the last empress of Korea, is assassinated and her corpse burnt by the Japanese in Gyeongbok Palace.
• 1904 – Edmonton, Alberta was incorporated as a city.
• 1904 – Prince Albert, Saskatchewan was incorporated as a city.
• 1912 – First Balkan War begins: Montenegro declares war against the Ottoman Empire.
• 1918 – World War I: In the Argonne Forest in France, United States Corporal Alvin C. York kills 28 German soldiers and captures 132.
• 1921 – KDKA in Pittsburgh's Forbes Field conducts the first live broadcast of a football game.
• 1928 – Joseph Szigeti gives the first performance of Alfredo Casella's Violin Concerto.
• 1932 – The Indian Air Force is established.
• 1939 – World War II: Germany annexes Western Poland.
• 1941 – World War II: In their invasion of the Soviet Union, Germany reaches the Sea of Azov with the capture of Mariupol.
• 1944 – World War II: The Battle of Crucifix Hill occurs on Crucifix Hill just outside Aachen. Capt. Bobbie Brown receives a Medal of Honor for his heroics in this battle.
• 1952 – The Harrow and Wealdstone rail crash kills 112 people.
• 1956 – New York Yankees's Don Larsen pitched the only perfect game in a World Series; one of only 21 perfect games in MLB history.
• 1962 – Spiegel scandal: Der Spiegel publishes the article "Bedingt abwehrbereit" ("Conditionally prepared for defense") about a NATO manoeuver called "Fallex 62", which uncovered the sorry state of the Bundeswehr (Germany's army) facing the communist threat from the east at the time. The magazine is soon accused of treason.
• 1962 – Algeria joins the United Nations.
• 1967 – Guerrilla leader Che Guevara and his men are captured in Bolivia.
• 1968 – Vietnam War: Operation Sealords – United States and South Vietnamese forces launch a new operation in the Mekong Delta.
• 1969 – The opening rally of the Days of Rage occurs, organized by the Weather Underground in Chicago, Illinois.
• 1970 – Vietnam War: In Paris, a Communist delegation rejects US President Richard Nixon's October 7 peace proposal as "a maneuver to deceive world opinion".
• 1973 – Yom Kippur War: Gabi Amir's armored brigade attacks Egyptian occupied positions on the Israeli side of the Suez Canal, in hope of driving them away. The attack fails, and over 150 Israeli tanks are destroyed.
• 1973 – Greek military junta of 1967–1974: Junta strongman George Papadopoulos appoints Spyros Markezinis as Prime Minister of Greece with the task to lead Greece to parliamentary rule.
• 1974 – Franklin National Bank collapses due to fraud and mismanagement; at the time it is the largest bank failure in the history of the United States.
• 1978 – Australia's Ken Warby sets the current world water speed record of 317.60mph at Blowering Dam, Australia.
• 1982 – Poland bans Solidarity and all trade unions.
• 1982 – Cats opens on Broadway and runs for nearly 18 years before closing on September 10, 2000.
• 1990 – Israeli-Palestinian Conflict: In Jerusalem, Israeli police kill 17 Palestinians and wound over 100 near the Dome of the Rock mosque on the Temple Mount.
• 1991 – Croatia votes to sever constitutional relations with Yugoslavia, making the country fully independent
• 1998 – Oslo's Gardermoen airport opens after the close down of Fornebu airport.
• 2001 – A twin engine Cessna and Scandinavian Airlines System (SAS) jetliner collide in heavy fog during takeoff from Milan, Italy killing 118.
• 2001 – U.S. President George W. Bush announces the establishment of the Office of Homeland Security.
• 2005 – 2005 Kashmir earthquake: Thousands of people are killed by a magnitude 7.6 earthquake in parts of Pakistan, India and Afghanistan.

 

 

 

 

 

Peace!

[Hippie Bowman]

Good morning!  It is October the 9th.  Here is today in history.

 

• 768 – Carloman I and Charlemagne are crowned Kings of The Franks.
• 1238 – James I of Aragon conquers Valencia and founds the Kingdom of Valencia.
• 1264 – The Kingdom of Castile conquers the city of Jerez that was under Muslim occupation since 711.
• 1446 – The hangul alphabet is published in Korea.
• 1514 – Marriage of Louis XII of France and Mary Tudor.
• 1558 – Mérida is founded in Venezuela.
• 1582 – Because of the implementation of the Gregorian calendar, this day does not exist in this year in Italy, Poland, Portugal and Spain.
• 1595 – The Spanish army captures Cambrai.
• 1604 – Supernova 1604, the most recent supernova to be observed in the Milky Way.
• 1635 – Founder of Rhode Island Roger Williams is banished from the Massachusetts Bay Colony as a religious dissident after he speaks out against punishments for religious offenses and giving away Native American land.
• 1701 – The Collegiate School of Connecticut (later renamed Yale University) is chartered in Old Saybrook, Connecticut.
• 1708 – Peter the Great defeats the Swedes at the Battle of Lesnaya.
• 1740 – Dutch colonists and various slave groups begin massacring ethnic Chinese in Batavia, eventually killing 10,000 and leading to a two-year-long war throughout Java.
• 1760 – Seven Years' War: Russian forces occupy Berlin.
• 1771 – The Dutch merchant ship Vrouw Maria sinks near the coast of Finland.
• 1799 – Sinking of HMS Lutine, with the loss of 240 men and a cargo worth £1,200,000.
• 1804 – Hobart, capital of Tasmania, is founded.
• 1806 – Prussia declares war on France.
• 1812 – War of 1812: In a naval engagement on Lake Erie, American forces capture two British ships: HMS Detroit and HMS Caledonia.
• 1820 – Guayaquil declares independence from Spain.
• 1824 – Slavery is abolished in Costa Rica.
• 1831 – Ioannis Kapodistrias, the first head of state of independent Greece is assassinated.
• 1834 – Opening of the Dublin and Kingstown Railway, the first public railway on the island of Ireland.
• 1845 – The eminent and controversial Anglican, John Henry Newman, is received into the Roman Catholic Church.
• 1854 – Crimean War: The siege of Sebastopol begins.
• 1861 – American Civil War: Battle of Santa Rosa Island – Union troops repel a Confederate attempt to capture Fort Pickens.
• 1864 – American Civil War: Battle of Tom's Brook – Union cavalrymen in the Shenandoah Valley defeat Confederate forces at Tom's Brook, Virginia.
• 1873 – A meeting at the U.S. Naval Academy establishes the U.S. Naval Institute.
• 1874 – General Postal Union is created as a result of the Treaty of Berne.
• 1888 – The Washington Monument officially opens to the general public.
• 1907 – Las Cruces, New Mexico is incorporated.
• 1911 – An accidental bomb explosion in Hankou, Wuhan, China leads to the ultimate fall of the Qing Empire
• 1913 – Steamship SS Volturno catches fire in the mid-Atlantic.
• 1914 – World War I: Siege of Antwerp – Antwerp, Belgium falls to German troops.
• 1919 – Black Sox scandal: The Cincinnati Reds win the World Series.
• 1934 – Regicide at Marseille: The assassination of King Alexander I of Yugoslavia and Louis Barthou, Foreign Minister of France.
• 1936 – Generators at Boulder Dam (later renamed to Hoover Dam) begin to generate electricity from the Colorado River and transmit it 266 miles to Los Angeles, California.
• 1940 – World War II: Battle of Britain – During a night-time air raid by the German Luftwaffe, St. Paul's Cathedral in the City of London, England is hit by a bomb.
• 1941 – A coup in Panama declares Ricardo Adolfo de la Guardia Arango the new president.
• 1942 – Statute of Westminster 1931 formalises Australian autonomy.
• 1942 – The last day of the October Matanikau action on Guadalcanal as United States Marine Corps forces withdraw back across the Matanikau River after destroying most of the Imperial Japanese Army's 4th Infantry Regiment.
• 1945 – Parade in NYC for Fleet Admiral Nimitz and 13 USN/USMC Medal of Honor recipients
• 1950 – Goyang Geumjeong Cave Massacre started.
• 1962 – Uganda becomes an independent Commonwealth realm.
• 1963 – In northeast Italy, over 2,000 people are killed when a large landslide behind the Vajont Dam causes a giant wave of water to overtop it.
• 1966 – Vietnam War: Binh Tai massacre
• 1966 – Vietnam War: Dien Nien-Phuoc Binh massacre
• 1967 – A day after being captured, Marxist revolutionary Ernesto "Che" Guevara is executed for attempting to incite a revolution in Bolivia.
• 1969 – In Chicago, the United States National Guard is called in for crowd control as demonstrations continue in connection with the trial of the "Chicago Eight" that began on September 24.
• 1970 – The Khmer Republic is proclaimed in Cambodia.
• 1981 – Abolition of capital punishment in France.
• 1983 – Rangoon bombing: attempted assassination of South Korean President Chun Doo-hwan during an official visit to Rangoon, Burma. Chun survives but the blast kills 17 of his entourage, including four cabinet ministers, and injures 17 others. Four Burmese officials also die in the blast.
• 1986 – The musical The Phantom of the Opera has its first performance at Her Majesty's Theatre in London.
• 1989 – An official news agency in the Soviet Union reports the landing of a UFO in Voronezh.
• 1991 – Ecuador becomes a member of the Berne Convention copyright treaty.
• 1992 – A 13 kilogram (est.) fragment of the Peekskill meteorite lands in the driveway of the Knapp residence in Peekskill, New York, destroying the family's 1980 Chevrolet Malibu
• 1995 – An Amtrak Sunset Limited train is derailed by saboteurs near Palo Verde, Arizona.
• 1999 – The last flight of the SR-71.
• 2001 – Second mailing of anthrax letters from Trenton, New Jersey in the 2001 anthrax attack.
• 2003 – Mission: SPACE opens to the public in the Epcot park at Walt Disney World. The opening ceremony included several astronauts from all eras of space exploration.
• 2006 – North Korea allegedly tests its first nuclear device.
• 2009 – First lunar impact of the Centaur and LCROSS spacecrafts as part of NASA's Lunar Precursor Robotic Program.

 

 

 

 

 

Peace!

[Hippie Bowman]

Good morning!  It is October the 10th.  Here is today in History.

 

• 19 AD – Roman general Germanicus suddenly dies in Antioch under mysterious circumstances. Roman historian Tactius records that Germanicus was poisoned by Syrian Governor Gnaeus Calpurnius Piso under orders from Roman Emperor Tiberius.
• 680 – Battle of Karbala: Hussain bin Ali, the grandson of the Prophet Muhammad, is decapitated by forces under Caliph Yazid I. This is commemorated by Muslims as Aashurah.
• 732 – Battle of Tours: Near Poitiers, France, the leader of the Franks, Charles Martel and his men, defeat a large army of Moors, stopping the Muslims from spreading into Western Europe. The governor of Cordoba, Abdul Rahman Al Ghafiqi, is killed during the battle.
• 1471 – Battle of Brunkeberg in Stockholm: Sten Sture the Elder, the Regent of Sweden, with the help of farmers and miners, repels an attack by Christian I, King of Denmark.
• 1575 – Battle of Dormans: Roman Catholic forces under Duke Henry of Guise defeat the Protestants, capturing Philippe de Mornay among others.
• 1580 – After a three-day siege, the English Army beheads over 600 Irish and Papal soldiers and civilians at Dún an Óir, Ireland.
• 1582 – Because of the implementation of the Gregorian calendar this day does not exist in this year in Italy, Poland, Portugal and Spain.
• 1631 – A Saxon army takes over Prague.
• 1780 – The Great Hurricane of 1780 kills 20,000–30,000 in the Caribbean.
• 1845 – In Annapolis, Maryland, the Naval School (later renamed the United States Naval Academy) opens with 50 midshipman students and seven professors.
• 1860 – The original cornerstone of the University of the South is laid in Sewanee, Tennessee.
• 1868 – Carlos Céspedes issues the Grito de Yara from his plantation, La Demajagua, proclaiming Cuba's independence
• 1871 – The Great Chicago Fire Chicago burns in flames after a barn accident. The fire lasts from October 8 to October 10.
• 1911 – The Wuchang Uprising leads to the demise of Qing Dynasty, the last Imperial court in China, and the founding of the Republic of China.
• 1913 – President Woodrow Wilson triggers the explosion of the Gamboa Dike thus ending construction on the Panama Canal.
• 1920 – The Carinthian Plebiscite determines that the larger part of Carinthia should remain part of Austria.
• 1928 – Chiang Kai-Shek becomes Chairman of the Republic of China.
• 1933 – United Airlines Chesterton Crash: A United Airlines Boeing 247 is destroyed by sabotage, the first such proven case in the history of commercial aviation.
• 1935 – A coup d'état by the royalist leadership of the Greek Armed Forces takes place in Athens. It overthrows the government of Panagis Tsaldaris and establishes a regency under Georgios Kondylis, effectively ending the Second Hellenic Republic.
• 1938 – The Munich Agreement cedes the Sudetenland to Nazi Germany.
• 1942 – The Soviet Union establishes diplomatic relations with Australia.
• 1943 – Double Tenth Incident in Japanese-controlled Singapore
• 1944 – Holocaust: 800 Gypsy children are murdered at Auschwitz concentration camp.
• 1945 – The Chinese Communist Party and the Kuomintang signed a principle agreement in Chongqing about the future of post-war China. Later, the pact is commonly referred to as the Double-Ten Agreement.
• 1957 – U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower apologizes to the finance minister of Ghana, Komla Agbeli Gbdemah, after he is refused service in a Dover, Delaware restaurant.
• 1957 – The Windscale fire in Cumbria, U.K. is the world's first major nuclear accident.
• 1963 – France cedes control of the Bizerte naval base to Tunisia.
• 1964 – The opening ceremony of the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan, is broadcast live in the first Olympic telecast relayed by geostationary communication satellite.
• 1967 – The Outer Space Treaty, signed on January 27 by more than sixty nations, comes into force.
• 1970 – Fiji becomes independent.
• 1970 – In Montreal, Quebec, a national crisis hits Canada when Quebec Vice-Premier and Minister of Labour Pierre Laporte becomes the second statesman kidnapped by members of the FLQ terrorist group.
• 1971 – Sold, dismantled and moved to the United States, London Bridge reopens in Lake Havasu City, Arizona.
• 1973 – Vice President of the United States Spiro Agnew resigns after being charged with federal income tax evasion.
• 1975 – Papua New Guinea joins the United Nations.
• 1980 – A magnitude 7.3 earthquake occurs in the Algerian town of El Asnam. 3.500 die and 300,000 are left homeless.
• 1985 – United States Navy F-14 fighter jets intercept an Egyptian plane carrying the Achille Lauro cruise ship hijackers and force it to land at a NATO base in Sigonella, Sicily where they are arrested.
• 1986 – An earthquake measuring 7.5 on the Richter Scale strikes San Salvador, El Salvador, killing an estimated 1,500 people.
• 1997 – An Austral Airlines DC-9-32 crashes and explodes near Nuevo Berlin, Uruguay, killing 74.
• 1998 – A Lignes Aériennes Congolaises Boeing 727 is shot down by rebels in Kindu, Democratic Republic of the Congo, killing 41 people.
• 2006 – The Greek city of Volos floods in one of the prefecture's worst recorded floods.
• 2008 – The 10 October 2008 Orakzai bombing kills 110 and injures 200 more.
• 2009 – Armenia and Turkey sign protocols in Zurich, Switzerland to open their borders.
• 2010 – The Netherlands Antilles are dissolved as a country.

 

 

 

 

 

Peace!

[Phil Deakins]

---

Hippie Bowman wrote:

1971

– Sold, dismantled and moved to the

United States

,

London Bridge

reopens in

Lake Havasu City, Arizona

.

---

My understanding at the time is that the guy who bought London Bridge thought he was buying Tower Bridge. That's the iconic one with a tower at each end and two tiers, the bottom one opening to allow taller ships to pass through.

[Hippie Bowman]

---

Phil Deakins wrote:

---

Hippie Bowman wrote:

1971

– Sold, dismantled and moved to the

United States

,

London Bridge

reopens in

Lake Havasu City, Arizona

.

---

My understanding at the time is that the guy who bought London Bridge thought he was buying Tower Bridge. That's the iconic one with a tower at each end and two tiers, the bottom one opening to allow taller ships to pass through.

---

Yep!  That is what he thought he was buying.

 

 

Peace!