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A few weeks ago, there was a lively discussion on the Government Use of Second Life email list on the benefits and challenges around maintaining separate personal and professional avatars and everyone who chimed in was in agreement—the time for work avatars has arrived. IBM announced their virtual world guidelines for their employees back in 2007. And, last week Jim Lundy at Gartner published a report on this topic, advocating the same position and recommending that organizations create rules around corporate avatar behavior and appearance. According to the WSJ blog on the topic, “He predicts that by 2013, most of them will have such guidelines in place.” When I twittered about the report last week, I received a slew of responses—mostly all in agreement with the basic “work avatar” premise.
Speaking as the person leading Enterprise Marketing, and the Second Life Work brand at Linden Lab, I believe that the professional avatar is an imperative on the road to enterprise-wide adoption of immersive environments as a powerful collaboration and work tool. If virtual work is to be taken seriously, then our avatars need to look--and act--as professional as we do in a physical workplace. Of course, there are times when I want to have fun in Second Life--go to a jazz concert or shopping. When doing those activities, I have an "alt" or personal avatar--completely separate from my work avatar (SL: Amanda Linden). This concept should sound familiar. For example, most of us already maintain personal and professional email accounts and separate IM traffic streams.
Two weeks ago, Sam Driver, Principal at ThinkBalm, an independent IT industry analysis and consulting services focused exclusively on the work-related use of the Immersive Internet, and I chatted about this very topic. I’ve shared our conversation below and look forward to lively commentary on this hot button topic.
Amanda: Do you believe that people should have personal and professional avatars/personas? If so, why?
Sam: Wow, tough question. I’ll answer these questions in the context of public virtual worlds like Second Life. For immersive environments that are behind the firewall or designed from the ground up for work-related use, issues of avatar and identity are pretty much a non-issue.
Should I have multiple avatars, one for work and one for play? It depends on what makes the most sense for an individual’s career. The answer is generally yes if you: 1) use Second Life or other public virtual worlds (e.g., Activeworlds or an OpenSim grid) for both professional and personal activities, and 2) feel the need to keep your professional and personal activities separate. Otherwise, the answer is generally no. I, for example, have only one Second Life avatar. I use the same avatar no matter what I’m doing in Second Life. The same is true for the other virtual worlds I use; I have just one avatar in each.
Another issue to consider is whether avatars have to look corporate and do they need to be connected to a real professional identity. Transparency of identity is the norm in the workplace (in most situations; I recognize there are exceptions). Most organizations require employees and contractors to identify themselves by their real names for legal and financial reasons. Still, people go by nicknames or middle names at work. People customize their email signatures and outgoing voice mail messages. They upload photos of themselves to the enterprise directory and portal. These are little flourishes to add personal expression to the mix in a digital world where otherwise we come across as black text on a white background.
It’s the same in the virtual world. An avatar is, among other things, the 3D visual corollary to an email signature or recorded outgoing voice mail message. It’s a way of customizing our professional communications. As long as the way our avatars look is in compliance with organizational policy (or, if no policy in place, the avatar’s appearance doesn’t offend others with whom we’re meeting in a professional context), and our avatar is connected with our real professional identity, there’s quite a bit of room for personal expression.
Keep in mind that personalizing the way we represent ourselves in these professional communication contexts doesn’t change our professional identity. Employees’ real professional names are in the enterprise directory, and enterprise directories are tied in with the applications people use every day to get their jobs done. In the workplace, peoples’ real names appear everywhere. As more organizations deploy immersive technologies in the workplace, it will become common for people to use their real names in immersive environments, just as real names are used with other kinds of applications. It will become automatic as immersive environments become integrated with enterprise directories.
The challenge right now in Second Life is that Second Life was originally built on the premise that people shouldn’t use their real names in the environment. Second Life was not designed as a work tool. The workaround we recommend, until we can use our real professional names for our avatars in Second Life, is to list your real professional name on the “First Life” tab of your Second Life profile and wear a name tag that displays your real name and affiliation. Again: this advice is targeted at people who are using Second Life for professional, work-related reasons.
Amanda: Great suggestion. I have another question regarding corporate policies around avatar identity, appearance, and behavior—should businesses create them, like IBM did?
Sam: Yes. It’s common for employers to have employee handbooks and acceptable use guidelines, which dictate the behavior that is expected of them (or lays out the behavior that is verboten). By now, many of these documents have been updated to include employees’ online behavior. These documents will eventually be updated again to take into account peoples’ behavior in virtual worlds, when employees are representing the organization, or are on company time, or using a company computer.
Amanda: Assuming that Second Life will eventually offer the option to use real names, how will avatar identities shift?
Sam: Offering people the option to use their real names for their avatars is one of the best strategic moves Linden Lab can make to bring Second Life into the professional limelight. Second Life is already being used for collaboration, learning and training, and many among things. Second Life and other immersive platforms are attractive to business people because this technology can solve real business problems. (For more insight, see the May 26, 2009 ThinkBalm report, “ThinkBalm Immersive Internet Business Value Study, Q2 2009”). But, as I highlighted above, transparency of identity is the norm in the workplace and this will not change. As a result of Linden Lab enabling the use of real names, I expect to see people create “alts,” or additional alternative avatars, to help keep their personal and professional lives comfortably separate — the same way some people separate their professional networking into LinkedIn and their personal social networking into Facebook.
Sam, thanks so much for taking the time to share your thoughts. This blog post is meant to catalyze conversation—so share your thoughts and let’s continue the dialogue in comments.
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